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How QR Codes Work: A Simple Explanation

QR codes (Quick Response codes) are two-dimensional barcodes that store information in a grid of black squares on a white background. Unlike traditional barcodes, which can only be read in one direction, QR codes can be scanned from any angle, making them faster and more efficient.

1. What Data Can a QR Code Store?

• Website URLs (e.g., Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, TikTok, Pinterest, YouTube, Snapchat, Reddit)
• Contact details (vCard)
• WiFi credentials
• Text or messages
• Payment information (PayPal, Venmo, Cash App)
• Event details (Google Calendar, Outlook)

2. How QR Codes Are Scanned

To scan a QR code, you simply need a smartphone camera or a QR code scanner app. Most modern devices can scan QR codes instantly without any additional software.

1. Open the camera app on your smartphone.
2. Point it at the QR code (no need to take a picture).
3. Click the pop-up link that appears.

3. How QR Code Data is Encoded

QR codes store information using a pattern of black and white squares. This pattern follows an encoding method that helps devices interpret the data quickly. The key components include:

• Finder Patterns: The three large squares in the corners help scanners detect and align the QR code.
• Timing Patterns: Small alternating black-and-white lines between the finder patterns help determine the code’s size.
• Data Cells: The actual data is stored in these smaller black-and-white squares, which are read and decoded by the scanner.

4. The Difference Between Static and Dynamic QR Codes

There are two main types of QR codes:

• Static QR Codes:
  • The data is permanently stored in the code.
  • Cannot be edited once generated.
  • Best for simple uses like website links or contact details.
• Dynamic QR Codes:
  • The data is stored in a short URL, which can redirect users to a destination that can be changed anytime.
  • Ideal for marketing campaigns, social media profiles (Instagram, Twitter, TikTok, Facebook, LinkedIn), event registrations, and business use cases.
  • Allows for tracking scans (time, location, and device type).

5. How Businesses Use QR Codes

• Marketing & Advertising: Brands add QR codes to posters, packaging, and business cards to link customers to Facebook pages, Instagram profiles, YouTube channels, and TikTok videos.
• Restaurants & Hospitality: Many restaurants use QR codes for digital menus and contactless payments via Apple Pay, Google Pay, PayPal, or Venmo.
• Retail & E-commerce: QR codes help customers quickly access Pinterest shopping pins, Amazon product pages, and Shopify stores.
• Event Management: Used for ticketing and check-in processes for Facebook Events, LinkedIn Events, and Google Calendar invites.
• Payments: Popular in mobile payment systems like PayPal, Venmo, Cash App, and Google Pay.